Flying-machine.



c. WINSTON. FLYING MACHINE. APPLIUATIQNPILBD SEPT. 20, 1909, 997,727, Patented July 11,1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: I [N VEYNTOR.

6kaaWz'nsZon A TTORNE Y.

G. WINSTQN, FLYINGMAGHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT; 20, 190v.

4: SHEETS-SHEET 3.

INVENTOR. haam'nstan.

WITNESSES.-

G. WINSTON.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 20, 1909. 997,727, Patented July 11., 1911f 4 SHEETS-SHEEN? I 39 T Y 19 1 2/ Q (5 O f l- 1N VENTOR.

Chas. H/z'nsion.

A TTORNE' Y.

and particularly to a flyingmachine or air FLYING-MACHINE.

CHARLES WINSTON, 0F TOPEKA. KANSAS.

I Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July Application fil ed September 20, 1909. SeIiaI'No. 518,666. s

xpanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon. which form a part of this specification.-

My invention relates to aerial navigation ship of the heavier than air class. In some of the machines of the class mentioned the aeroplane or planes are rigid with the supporting frame, motor an basket,

so that when the vertical or, horizontal an- .gle of the planes ischanged, the motor and basket move at the same angle, thereby decreasing the diflicultyof control.

It is'the principal object of my lnvention to provide a flying machinein which the planes are movably connected with the frame vso that they may WOI'k" in either direction Without altering the position of 'theoper'ator, and so that they may auto- 'matically turn to horizontal position and 5 right the machine incase .of accident;

. It is a further 'ob]ect of my nvention to provide an improved ruddermechamsmand plane construction, and improved combina-- U tion' of the various parts with the supporting frame and controlling devices, and improved controlling mechanism.

Theseand other objects of my invention will appear from the following detailed de-' scription, wherein reference is had to the a, accompanying drawings, in which s I Figure-I isan end View of a flying mil-- chine constructed according tomy invention. Fig. II is a plan view of same. Fig.

III is an 'enlargedplan of the frame and 'controlli'ng mechanism, parts of thefplanes and rudders being illustrated. F1g. IV IS an enlarged longitudinal section of'the machine. Fig. V is an enlarged 'detailview of [one of the rudders, in crossse'ctionon the line V V, Fig. IL Fig. VI-is anenlarged vertical section of one of the plane hubs.

Fig; V-II is an enlarged plan view of the" Windlass for controlling the front'and back =ang1esbfthe planes, ftogether withthe rudv der controlling cranks. Fig. 'VIII is an end View of the same parts, the Windlass being I removed.

Referring more'in detail to the parts :f I

The machine frame comprises tubular members1'l' which are arranged in pairs that cross on theframe center. The members; 1*":

arestraight and are joined at theendsby a cross piece 2. Rising from the piece 2 is'ia standard 3, having a ballt on its upper end.

55 designate the planes, one of which is arranged at eachside of the machine, but

inasmuch as each isa duplicate of the other in construction, but one will be described in detail wlth the understanding that such description relates equally to both. The plane is provided with a central post 6, which is preferably tubular and -'is enlarged at the bottom to provide a socket 7, within which the ballet is adapted to rest,'so as to support the plane and allow universal move- 10 which support the outer ring 11,.and intermediate rings 12'-13. a

12, 13 designate ribs which connect the" rings 12, 13 with theouter ringand 'add stability to the circular frame. Secured to the under sides of the rings and ribs is a sheet of canvas or heavy fabric 14:.

15 designates ropes which connect the outer ribs lO'with the top of the standardti,

and 16 de'signatesropes which connect the strain.- Fixed at one end to the ring 9 and at the'other end to the standard 3 arethe expansion springs 17 which'are arranged; to yieldingly retain the plane in a horizontal position but yield under pressure whenitis desired to change the angle of the plane. a

- Supported on the forward and back tubes? at the rear of thema'chine, isthe operef ators seat. Supported on the. cross 'ftnbes '18. 19 is a windlass 20, the shaft-.21- of which extends back to'a point slightly for- '23 designates a rope, one end-of whichis}v run under and fixed to the-.wmdlass and the other end run over pulleys 2L}:

to the front of the onter'ring of: plane a, t

and 23 a rope, one'end of which is IUILOXUIT and fixed-- to Windlass 20 andthc other'run over pulley 25 and fixed to thercar of sa d.

ring, so that either end of the plane may went thereof. Suspended from the stand: ard "6,*by the ribs '8, is a ring 9. J Extending radially from the standard 6' are-the ribs ring 11 withthe lower ring-9, for the purv pose of bracing the planewhen it is under ward of the seat andcarries the step .bar 1 be canted according to the direction the wmdlass is turned.

26-26 designate ropes which are in the same manner fixed to the Windlass and to the plane 5, so that plane-5 may be operated simultaneously with plane 5. It will be noticed that the ropes connected with the same ends of the planes wind together on the Windlass, so that the planes when actuated move in the same direction.

Rising from the tubes 1 is a standard 27, to which the bell crank levers 28 are pivoted. Connecting the forward arms of the levers 28 with the inner edges of the rings 11 of the planes 5-5 are the rods 29. Rising from the tubes 1, in front'of the operators seat, is an arch 30, upon which a steering bar 31 is pivotally mounted; upon an upper pivot 66, Fig. 1II,and also upon a ball-andsocket pivot 67, Fig. IV.

32 designates rods which connect opposite ends of rod 31 with the rear arms of the respective bell crank levers 28., It is apparent that when the bar 31 is turned on its pivot, the inner edge of one plane will be raised and the other lowered, so that the planes may be moved simultaneously in the same direction, and that they will always be-parallel with each other. I

, I will now describe the rudders 3333' which are mounted on the front and back ends of the tubes 1, and as both of the rudders are alike, but one will be mentioned, with the understanding that'its description relates equally to both.

Pivotally mounted between the ends of the tubes 1,.is a rod 34, having a boss 34: at its center.

36 designates a bar having a boss 34/ which is seated on the boss 34 of rod 34 and is pivotally connected with the rod by a king bolt 35.

37'37 designate the rudder frames, which are substantially rectangular and are covered with canvas sheets 38. The frames are crossed attheir centers at an angle to give the combined body materially greater breadth than thickness, and to provide a double supporting face at each side of its longitudinal .center, a result which would not be attained with the frames crossed at a right angle.

39 designates a strengthening rod which passes through the center of the rudder and unites the ends of the frames, and 40 designates stay rods, which are connected with the frames and serveto space same apart.

The ends of the bars 36 project laterally beyond the sides of the rudders, and are connected by crossed ropes 41, so that when one rudder is rocked laterally on its pivot, the other rudder will be simultaneously rocked in the opposite direction, through the rope connection. Fixed to the ends of therear rudder bar 36 are the. ropes 12, which connect with the ends of the steering bar 31,

- so' that-when the steering bar is turned to alter the side angle of the planes, the rudders will be,turned in a direction to cooperate with the planes in steering the machine.

' F ixed on one of the frame tubes are the posts 43-44:. Pivotally mounted on the post 43 is a bell crank lever 45, one arm of which is connected with the inner end of the 'rear rudder through a rod 46 and the other arm of which" is connected with the horizontal bell crank 48.

t7 designates a link which is pivotally connected to an arm on the Windlass shaft 21 and the other end of which is connected wi'chthe second arm of the bell crank 48, so that'the rudder may be raised or lowered according to the direction in which the wind lass shaft is turned by the step bar 22. Pivoted on the posted is a horizontal bell crank 18, one arm of which is connected with the link 47 and the other provided with a rod et9 which extends toward the front of the machine and is connected with one arm of a bell crank 50 which is pivotally mounted on a standard 51. The second arm of crank 50 is connected with the rear end of the front rudder by a rod 52, so that the rear end of the rudder will be raised when the crank 50 is operated in one direction and lowered when operated in the opposite direaction. The rudder steering mechanism is so arranged that the rudders will be tilted simultaneously in opposite directions when the step bar is actuated.

At each side of the body frame is a propeller frame 53, the members of which are bent inwardly from the tubes 1 and then upwardly and outwardly to the standard pieces 6.

54 designates bearings on the frame 53, and 55 shafts revolubly mounted in said bearings and projected laterally at one end to carry the sprockets 56.

57 designates a motor, the driving shaft 58 of which is provided with a sprocket 59 and gear 60.

61 designates an auxiliary shaft, having a sprocket 62 and gear 63, the latter meshing with gear on the main shaft.

64 designates chains which run over the sprockets 56, 59 and 62, and drive the propellers in opposite directions.

65 designates ground wheels which are carried beneath the frame and support the machine before and when alighting from a flight. p

In using the machine,v the planes are both tilted upwardly, at the front and the rudders at their outer ends, and the machine made to travel rapidly forwardby the operation of the propellers. When sufficient speed has been attained, the machine Wlll be lifted from the ground and will continue to rise, until the planes and rudders are brought 'tinue on horizontal flight.

to a horizontal position, when it will con- To steer to either side, the planes are titted laterallyw and the rudders turned laterally on their pivotal mountings, and to lower the machine the parts are turned to positions the reverse of those described for rising. It is apparent that during any of the maneuvers mentioned, the body frame and operators seat will remain horizontal.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A flying machine embodying a framework; having a plane supporting standard; a plane having a central standard pivotally mounted oaths-supporting standard, ribs radiating from the central standard and provided with a covering, rods connected with said central standard and supporting a ring, stay members connecting-the covered body with said ring, and with the upper portion of the central standard, springs connecting the ring with the supporting standard, and steering mechanism connected wit-h the covered body.

2. A flying machine embodying a frame work, a pair of planes mounted on the framework and adapted for canting move-, ment, bell crank levers adapted for vertical pivotal movement, a steering bar adapted for horizontal pivotal movement, rods connecting arms of the levers with opposite ends of the steering bar, and rigid connection between the other arms of said levers and the inner ed 'es of the planes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A flying machine embodying a framework and plane, a rudder mounted on the framework, and means for actuating the rudder, said rudder comprising covered frames crossed at other than a right angle, for the purpose set forth.

4. A flying machine embodying a framework and plane, the framework comprising side members upturned at their ends and having a cross bar pivotally connected therewith, a cross piece having horizontal pivotal connection with the cross bar, a rudder fixed to saidcross piece,'a steering bar, and ropes fixed to said bar and to opposite ends of the cross piece. v

5. A flying machine embodying a framework, cross pieces pivotally mounted at the front and rear of said framework, a steer-- ing bar, connection between the steering bar andplanes, connection between the steering bar and the cross piece of one rudder, and crossed connection between opposite ends of the front and back cross pieces, substantially as and foil'tlie p'ifi pose set forth.

6. A flyingmachine embodying a pair of planes arranged at the sides of the framework and'adapted for canting movement, a rudder mounted on the framework and adapted for forward and back canting movement, a Windlass carried on the framework and having an extended shaft, ropes wound on the Windlass and connected with the planes, a lever on the Windlass shaft, connection between the lever and one end of the rudder, and a step bar mounted on said shaft.

7 A flying machine embodying a framework and plane, rudders mounted at the front and back of the framework, a horizontal shaft, a vertical bell crank fixed on said shaft, a second vertical bell crank fixed to the first and connected with one of said rudders, a horizontal bell crank fixed to the first vertical cranks, a third vertical bell crank connected with the horizontal crank, and

connection between the a third crank and 3 rudders on their horizontal pivots.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES WINSTON.

WVitnesses:

MYRTLE MTJAcKsoN, A. CAHILL. 

